Publication Details
Abstract
The transition of enterprises towards a green economy requires financial mechanisms that reconcile environmental objectives with investment viability. This paper develops an environmental policy and decision-making framework for stimulating enterprise green transition in Uzbekistan. The methodology combines institutional analysis, comparative assessment of financial instruments and a multi-criteria approach. Instruments are assessed according to environmental and financial additionality, accessibility, fiscal efficiency, measurability and verifiability. The analysis argues that concessional lending alone cannot address all financial barriers. A differentiated system combining green loans, partial credit guarantees, investment grants, tax incentives, green bonds and blended finance is proposed. The type and intensity of support should be linked to project-specific financing constraints and verified environmental outcomes.