The Role and Economic Efficiency of Blockchain Technologies in the Digital Economy

In the contemporary era of rapid global digitalisation, traditional centralised financial and administrative systems are facing significant challenges in terms of security, transparency and operational efficiency. This study examines the role of blockchain technology as a key component of the digital economy and its effect on institutional change. The study's relevance is highlighted by the shift in perception of blockchain technology, evolving from a mere vehicle for crypto-assets to a technological solution for minimising transaction costs and establishing an 'Economy of Trust'. The methodology employed includes systemic analysis, comparative economic approaches and functional modelling of smart contracts. The paper provides scientific evidence of how the decentralised nature and immutable ledger systems of blockchain architecture are displacing traditional intermediary institutions. The results suggest that integrating blockchain technology into the logistics, banking and public service sectors could reduce operational delays by up to 40% and eliminate information asymmetry. Furthermore, the study discusses critical barriers such as network scalability and the current lack of comprehensive legal frameworks, offering academic proposals to mitigate these hurdles. In conclusion, blockchain technology serves as a transformative 'trust protocol' that fosters a new socio-economic paradigm in the digital age. By decentralising authority and automating verification, blockchain technology provides a robust framework for sustainable digital development and institutional integrity.