Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science

With the use of density functional theory (DFT), the feasibility of stable interaction between a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) drug molecule and an original carbon nanotube (CNT) doped with chrome (Cr), aluminum (Al), phosphorus (P), and silicon (Si) is examined. With its 32 carbon atoms, carbon nanotube...

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in clinical settings, with their occurrence ranging approximately from 19% to 68% in the general population when assessed using ultrasonography. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a crucial regulator of thyroid growth and function, acting through...

This article analyzes the structural and functional changes of the gut microbiota in children and adolescents with obesity, their impact on metabolic status, and their role in the pathogenesis of obesity. The results of the study show that intestinal dysbiosis, particularly changes in the Firmicu...

Background: Breast cancer growth involves androgen and estrogen signaling and metabolism. Adipokines and insulin resistance modulate hormone sensitivity, invasion and growt. Aims of the study: This study aims to investigate the association between estrogen receptor pathway and metabolic factors i...

Background: Green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles possess unique physical properties and biocompatibility, making them promising materials for safe and eco-friendly medical applications. Aims of the study: In this research project, the researcher needs to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles through...

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that imposes far-reaching consequences on fetal neurodevelopment through disruption of the placenta–brain axis. While clinical associations between maternal PE and offspring neurocognitive impairment are well docume...

WITHDRAWAL NOTICE: This article has been withdrawn from publication to allow the author(s) to make comprehensive improvements and refinements to the manuscript. This is intended to ensure the accuracy of the data before it can be used for further reference.

Anaemia is a common but often overlooked condition among children in resource-limited settings, where diagnostic capabilities and screening practices are often limited. The researchers sought to assess early detection strategies for childhood anaemia in a number of health care settings in Uzbekis...

Maintaining health and promoting a healthy lifestyle at a young age serve as a vital foundation for future professional development, long-term active longevity, family formation, and participation in public life. In the context of healthcare modernization and the implementation of national strate...

Pediatric otitis externa is an inflammatory disorder of the external ear canal, often related with bacterial infection and environmental exposures, and behavioral risk factors. The purpose of this study was to explore both inflammatory and hematological biomarkers of pediatric otitis externa and ...

The well-known metabolic condition known as type 2 diabetes mellitus is distinguished by its chronic nature and compromised lipid metabolism. Recognising and treating it is crucial due to its high prevalence, which affects about one in ten people worldwide. The object of this search was to invest...

This article focuses on solving problems of speech development in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) the methods of intervention, their scientific and theoretical basis and the importance of multidisciplinary approaches are analyzed in detail. Autism spectrum lethargy in speech developm...

The aim of this study was to determine the association between early signs of renal dysfunction detected by ultrasound imaging (USI) and cognitive impairment in middle-aged patients with discirculatory encephalopathy (DE). The study included 152 participants: the main group (n=56) — patients with...

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a major pathogen in urinary tract infections (UTI) that are acquired in hospitals and the community. It is displaying a high degree of resistance to antibiotics. Aim: The purpose of this research is to use the Vitek 2 compact system to estimate...

Nephrolithiasis is one of the most prevalent urological disorders worldwide, with a global recurrence rate of 50% within ten years and a particularly high prevalence in Central Asia reaching 18–22% of the adult population. In patients with a solitary functioning kidney, stone disease represents a...

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a significant factor in reproductive loss, including recurrent pregnancy loss and repeated implantation failure in assisted reproductive technology programs. Despite its high prevalence, diagnosing CE remains challenging due to its often asymptomatic course and the la...

The use of electronic axiography in the prosthetic treatment of patients with complete edentulism ensures the formation of a more balanced occlusion with significantly lower occlusal time and disclusion time values. Implant stability indicators in the axiography group show a trend towards a more ...

Maternal arterial hypertension remains an important perinatal risk factor capable of influencing neonatal cardiovascular adaptation and the formation of physiological blood pressure regulation after birth. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in the circadian rhythm of arterial blood press...

Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial diseases in pediatric practice and remain an important cause of morbidity in children due to the risk of recurrent infection and renal complications. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of early diagnosis of ur...

Assisted reproductive technologies have become an important method for overcoming infertility; however, concerns regarding unfavorable perinatal outcomes among premature infants remain clinically significant. The present study aimed to evaluate maternal and perinatal risk factors associated with ...

Intrauterine growth restriction remains one of the most significant problems in modern neonatology because impaired fetal growth is closely associated with increased neonatal morbidity and disturbances of early postnatal adaptation. The present study was devoted to evaluating the characteristics ...

Chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia remains an important cause of neonatal morbidity and long-term developmental disturbances in modern perinatal medicine. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of early and late complications among newborns who experienced prolonged oxyg...

Multiple pregnancies remain one of the most challenging conditions in modern obstetrics because they are frequently associated with prematurity, neonatal adaptation disorders, and increased perinatal morbidity, while pregnancies achieved through in vitro fertilization may additionally carry risks...

Acute bronchitis and community acquired pneumonia remain among the most common respiratory diseases in pediatric practice, frequently creating diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties because of their overlapping clinical manifestations. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical differences...

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a severe autoimmune bullous dermatosis belonging to a group of diseases that cause the formation of large blisters with fluid or blood in the skin and mucous membranes, significantly affecting quality of life. In this study, the clinical efficacy of rituximab (RTX) ther...

Urinary tract infections in adolescent girls remain a significant pediatric and adolescent health concern because recurrent inflammatory episodes frequently contribute to chronic discomfort, metabolic disturbances, and progressive impairment of local antimicrobial defense mechanisms. The present ...

Congenital heart defects in early childhood are frequently accompanied not only by structural and hemodynamic abnormalities but also by disturbances of autonomic cardiovascular regulation that may significantly influence adaptive capacity and functional stability of the growing organism. The pres...

Iron deficiency anemia is still one of the most prevalent of all hematological conditions in young children, especially under any circumstances which involve chronic nutritional limitation, where nutritional and growth deficits slowly exacerbate the clinical symptoms and have a negative impact on...

The article examines the clinical and laboratory features of serum calcium and vitamin D levels in patients with diabetes mellitus and analyze their association with metabolic disturbances. The study included 30 patients with confirmed diabetes mellitus treated in the endocrinology department. Se...

In this research, a number of compounds that can be used as shields against X-rays and gamma rays in various fields, such as hospitals, oncology treatment centres, and research fields such as scientific laboratories and nuclear facilities, were studied. Several attenuation properties (mass and li...

Graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and chemically modified graphene-based materials have been widely studied as efficient sorbents used in analytical and environmental chemistry. They primarily obtain their strengthening effects from possessing significant specific surface area alo...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remain among the leading global medical and social health challenges due to their increasing prevalence, chronic progressive course, and high risk of disability and mortality. Numerous studies have demonstrated a close ...

Chronic tonsillitis is one of the most common diseases in modern otorhinolaryngology and represents a long-term infectious-inflammatory process in the palatine tonsils accompanied by local and systemic toxic-allergic manifestations. The disease is characterized by a recurrent course, frequent epi...

The rapidly growing atmospheric CO2 concentrations have made effective and efficient carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies evermore imperative. Biological routes that employ microalgae have shown immense potential for CO2 biofixation due to their inherent efficient photosynt...

This scientific review synthesizes current data from national and international literature on epidemiological rates, shared risk factors, and key pathogenic features of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome in geriatric patients with age-related cataracts. The complex pathogenic relationship be...

A gastrointestinal infection can significantly disrupt the metabolism of antioxidants and minerals. This study aimed to assess the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in patients with intestinal parasite infections. This study also evaluated mine...

This study aimed to estimate the levels of oxidative stress markers and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to compare them with healthy individuals. The study included 120 volunteers divided into two groups: the patient group (60 individuals ...

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is a phenomenon that is unique to plasmonic nanomaterials and has been the subject of considerable scientific interest due to the material's optical, electronic, thermal and physicochemical properties. In particular these nanostructures are characterized...

Background: Bacterial contamination remains a major problem in mammalian cell culture because it can alter cell physiology, medium chemistry, and experimental reliability before obvious turbidity appears. Simple early-warning biochemical markers may help detect contamination without microscopy, g...

Respiratory allergic diseases in children represent one of the most pressing issues in modern pediatrics and allergology, characterized by steady growth in prevalence, early manifestation, and significant impact on the quality of life of both patients and their families. According to WHO data, th...

A field experiment was conducted in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate during the winter agricultural season of 2025–2026. The study evaluated two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Ebaa 265 and Ebaa 99, grown in a silty loam soil. The experiment followed a split-plot design with three replicates, wher...

Realistic human face synthesis and reconstruction are important tasks in computer vision, entertainment, biometrics, identity verification and so on. In this work, a hybrid deep learning approach is studied that combines the generative ability of StyleGAN2 with the feature learning and reconstruc...

The problem of occupational dental pathology among workers in the oil and gas processing industry remains relevant amid the intensive development of Uzbekistan's fuel and energy sector. The Kashkadarya region, being the largest area for the extraction and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials, ...

This Study has prepared the conductive polymers (polyaniline) and their zinc oxide nanocomposites through in-situ polymerization in the presence of Ammonium Persulphate (APS) as the oxidizing agent. We examined the optical band gap of these PANi-ZnO nanocomposites at room temperature over various...

The rickets-like diseases are a diverse group of hereditary disorders of phosphate-calcium metabolism with important diagnostic dilemmas for pediatricians. This is a prospective observational study carried out at the National children's medical center in Tashkent, Uzbekistan during 2024-2025. The...

In recent years, the consumption of caffeine has significantly increased worldwide. However, the potential negative effects of caffeine on the reproductive system have raised concerns among researchers and health professionals. The present study aims to investigate the effects of caffeine on the ...

Chronic tonsillitis is a pressing issue in modern otolaryngology due to its high prevalence, recurrent course, and risk of developing systemic complications. This article examines modern approaches to the conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis, based on an analysis of domestic and internat...

This article presents a comparative analysis of modern methods for treating skin photoageing and their aesthetic results using an objective scale under the conditions of high solar radiation in Uzbekistan. A total of one hundred and three patients participated in the study; they were divided into...

This article investigates the dynamics of attention in first- and second-year university students throughout the academic year. The study was conducted at Qarshi State University and involved a total of 125 students — 27 male and 98 female — divided into first-year (n=63) and second-year (n=62) g...

Background: Inflammation, organ damage, and endothelial dysfunction characterize preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific multisystem hypertension disease. Adipokines, particularly resistin and adiponectin, have been identified as possible participants in the metabolic and inflammatory pathways that ma...

This article examines the pathogenetic relationship between aggressive behavior and gastrointestinal tract diseases observed in adolescents aged 12–18 years. The study involved 240 adolescents divided into three groups according to their level of aggression. The influence of psychoemotional stres...

Kidney transplant surgery patients' postoperative rehabilitation is extremely important for health monitoring. New digital monitoring systems, telemedicine, and mobile health technologies have proven to be superior ways to enhance medication adherence, lower infectious and non-infectious complica...

Osteochondrosis is among the most prevalent degenerative-dystrophic conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Its impact on physical activity and quality of life varies significantly with age; however, comparative data for middle-aged and elderly populations in Central Asia remain scarce. To asse...

This study demonstrates the effect of RuN3 and RuN719 donor ruthenium dyes on the performance of dye-sensitive solar cells (DSSCs) by integrating charge transfer theory and quantum transport considerations is subjected to the influences of transition energy, the atomic density, and the charge con...

The Medical Emergency Tracker is an advanced geospatial real-time decision support system designed to increase situational awareness, decrease response time, and provide rapid access to critical healthcare infrastructure during acute, life-threatening medical emergencies. The platform is designed...

The biological impact of the aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album and Achillea fragrantissima was evaluated at various concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%). Additionally, 2.5 g of aggregation pheromone was incorporated at a concentration of 10% during the sixth nymphal stage and in adult A...

Mammary gland cancer (MGC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in cats and is frequently associated with metastatic involvement of the lungs. The study included cats with stage III–IV mammary carcinoma that underwent surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy: doxorubicin (1 mg/kg) w...

This article systematically analyses the key biomechanical, biological, and clinical factors influencing osseointegration efficacy in dental implantology. Based on the results of a prospective study conducted on 240 patients (n=480 implants) at the clinical base of Tashkent Medical Academy from 2...

As a result of timely diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic cysts, purulent inflammation of the cyst, deformation of the jaws, loss of teeth, pathological fracture of the jaws and even the development of malignant tumors of the jaw from the epithelium of the cyst wall have been observed. The sea...

The aim of this article is to compare gut microbiota composition together with anthropometric and biochemical indicators between patients with obesity (prior to semaglutide administration) and patients with early T2DM, and to evaluate the discriminatory value of the studied markers. Materials and...

A comprehensive assessment of the long-term outcomes and safety of orthopedic rehabilitation methods requires a detailed analysis of the resulting complications and a systematization of the factors predisposing their development. Identifying correlations between the applied treatment technology, ...

Background: Chronic inflammatory status of the intestine with malabsorption is a characteristic condition of celiac disease, resulting in great impairment of trace elements and lipid metabolism. Assessment of these biochemical changes can be useful for disease diagnosis and monitoring of nutritio...

Sudden infant and young child death syndrome (SIDS) remains one of the most pressing issues in modern neonatology, pediatrics, and forensic medicine. According to the World Health Organization, CHF ranks first in the structure of causes of death among children aged one month to one year in develo...

It has been associated with a limiting therapeutic options and an increased morbidity in patients hospitalized in critical care.Unit Congregação da Biomedicina MNC, UFMG, Belo Horizonte MG. The objective of this study was to examine the carbapenem resistance genes of P. aeruginosa strains isolate...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, obesity, irregular menstrual cycles, and anovulatory infertility. Melatonin, the primary hormone of the pineal gland, is synthesized from tryptophan and represents an indole derivative of seroton...

Background. Hungry Bone Syndrome (HBS) remains one of the most clinically significant forms of severe postoperative hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy. The absence of standardized preoperative risk stratification limits early prevention and individualized postoperative monitoring. Objective. To...

Cellulose diacetate (CDA) solutions prepared in acetone–ethanol and acetone–glycerol solvent systems were investigated to determine their suitability for electrospinning applications. The influence of polymer concentration and solvent composition on rheological behavior was evaluated. An increase...

Background :From an epidemiological standpoint, MRSA is generally classified into three types based on its origin and prevalence. Each of these types has evolved in different contexts and has its own unique genomic profile . The three types of MRSA are healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) . commu...

This article analyzes airway remodeling in bronchial asthma — structural changes in the epithelium, basement membrane, smooth muscles, blood vessels, and extracellular matrix. The main mechanisms of remodeling, including chronic inflammation, growth factor dysregulation, and metalloproteinase act...

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections with high prevalence, especially in women. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the most frequent aetiological agents of uncomplicated and recurrent UTIs. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate...

Acute kidney injury represents a common and potentially life-threatening complication frequently encountered in emergency departments, where timely diagnosis plays a decisive role in preventing disease progression and improving patient outcomes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cli...

Hydrocephalus is among the most common neurological disorders affecting children and remains a significant cause of developmental and functional impairment despite considerable advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical and neurolog...

This prospective follow-up study was designed to evaluate the metabolic changes in patients undergoing gastric sleeve surgery. The results reported a substantial improvement at (p ≤ 0.05) in the level of T-AOC in the G3 (after 8 months) when compared with G1 (after 3 months) and G2 (after 6 month...

Dental Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by rapid infiltrative growth, a poor prognosis, and a high rate of recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the gold standard for non-invasive diagnosis, treatment planning, and postoperative...

Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent the most common structural anomalies in newborns and remain a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for timely intervention and improved long-term outcomes. This review examines the diagnostic ...

Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite significant advances in early detection and treatment strategies, tumor progression, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance continue to po...

Bronchial asthma, together with other allergic conditions, continues to be among the most prevalent chronic diseases of childhood worldwide, and environmental, climatic and immunological factors have an impact on the prevalence of these diseases. In the present study, the prevalence, clinical fea...

This study evaluates the significance of the Epidermolysis Bullosa Severity Index in newborns from the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. The effectiveness of comprehensive treatment using Colostrum and AVM Neo was assessed. The findings demonstrated a significant reduction in disease severity and con...

Background: The insulin receptor (INSR) gene encodes a conserved signaling polypeptide which trigger a broad spectrum of functions loke glucose metabolic regulation, growth control, and neuronal function. Numerous genetic variants associated with insulin resistance have been identified, but physi...

The major challenge in Iraq, particularly the river Tigris is surface water due to heavy metal contamination. The paper was applied in the identification of the effectiveness of a water treatment plant- Al- Shirqat, Saladin Governorate by the analysis of 6 samples, comprised of 3 samples of raw w...

Rickets and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remain among the most prevalent nutritional and metabolic disorders of early childhood worldwide, and their frequent coexistence has become an area of growing clinical interest. Both conditions share overlapping periods of vulnerability during infancy, whe...

Chronic liver disease remains a major global health challenge and is a leading cause of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early identification of progressive fibrosis is essential for timely therapeutic intervention and improved clinical outcomes; however, liver biops...

MRI image enhancement is an important and useful field for diagnosis, helping physicians identify diseases and determine the appropriate treatment. However, it is a delicate process, as the essential image information must be preserved unchanged. In other words, enhancement should not alter the b...

This paper has critically discussed the two widely used thin-film deposition techniques which include thermal evaporation and spin coating and their merits and demerits as far as their capability to produce photovoltaic (PV) devices is concerned. When it comes to creating high purity of films, th...

Surface modification of titanium alloys is widely employed to improve their bioactivity and corrosion resistance for biomedical implant applications. In this study, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy samples were coated with SiO₂, BaTiO₃, and a SiO₂–BaTiO₃ composite using a spray pyrolysis technique. The coated ...

The research location is situated in southern Iraq's Slabiat Depression. The WQI (Water Quality Index) and the 2D resistivity approach are the two techniques used to assess the water quality. Nineteen water samples are taken from wells in different parts of the Slabiat depression. pH, total disso...

Soil is the habitat for a thriving and intricate network of microorganisms, which play key roles in the cycling of nutrients, maintaining fertility, and supporting life in the environment. Over the past few decades, the issue of soil contamination as a result of human activities, industrial proce...

Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader, commonly known as bitter apple or colocynth, is a perennial desert plant of the Cucurbitaceae family that grows in arid and semi-arid regions, including Iraq. This study reviews the environmental parameters influencing its distribution in Iraq and summarizes p...

The study revealed that Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasites affecting pregnant women and leading to early or late miscarriage. Tests were conducted on 120 samples from participating women who visited public and private health institutions in Mosul. The study showed that 92 women...

Among the most vulnerable populations that are faced by the complex and pervasive issue of drug abuse that poses significant risks to individuals, families, communities, and societies at large are students. They often find themselves navigating critical developmental stages while facing numerous ...

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by immune-mediated inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. This article analyzes the clinical course of ulcerative colitis, contemporary diagnostic approaches, and current challenges in its treatment. The clinical cour...

This study aims to synthesize and characterize a series of thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (B1–B8) and to evaluate their biological activity as well as predict their interaction behavior using molecular docking techniques, these compounds were synthesized via the reaction of hydrazones with thiogly...

The main objective of this research is to determine the levels of adoption of modern agricultural technologies by farmers in Nineveh Governorate / Makhmour District and their relationship to some variables, in addition to determining the correlation between the levels of adoption of these technol...

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis, risk assessment, and clinical monitoring of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). Nevertheless, serum PSA concentrations are influenced not only by pathological changes in the prostate gla...

Proteus species, especially Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris, are well-known culprits behind urinary tract infections and hospital-acquired infections. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in these species poses a significant challenge for public health and clinical treatment. This...

Background: Obesity is one of the most important health risk factors globally and is known to be one of the most important risk factors for the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its histopathological complications. Hepatic lipid accumulation, chronic inflammation and hep...

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of multidrug-resistant infections, particularly in intensive care settings1,2, and represents a major challenge in healthcare-associated infection (HAI) management due to its capacity to horizontally acquire carbapenem resistance genes. Many st...

The study was set to find out the level of implementation of scientific recommendations for sesame cultivation and crop management as well as identify the obstacles that hinder the implementation of scientific recommendations by the farmers in the sub-district of Ashur in the district of Sharqat....