American Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research

Civil service productivity is a key component of state capacity in developing democracies. Yet, the influence of employee welfare frameworks on bureaucratic performance remains underdeveloped and underexplored at the sub‑national level, where fiscal capacity varies markedly. This study examines t...

welfare policies civil service productivity employee welfare health insurance schemes pension plans housing schemes educational assistance programmes leave benefits public service motivation

Risk management has become one of the most essential strategic functions in modern organizations due to increasing uncertainty, technological transformation, globalization, and economic instability. This study investigates contemporary approaches, models, and methodologies used in risk management...

risk management enterprise risk management uncertainty quantitative analysis hybrid models ISO 31000 artificial intelligence decision-making

The article examines the development of small business in mahallas (neighborhoods) of Uzbekistan and the factors influencing it. A comparative analysis of scientific approaches to the socio-economic essence and significance of the concept of entrepreneurship is conducted. The dynamics of small bu...

Entrepreneurship Small Business Entrepreneurial Activity Income Profit Employment Welfare Mahalla (Neighborhood) “Mahallabai Work System” Assistant Khokim Mahalla Specialization Growth Points and Driving Forces of Mahallas Small Industrial Enterprises Services Tourism Handicraft Family Business Microprojects Financial Resources Subsidies Credit

This article examines the development trends of the service sector in the economy of Uzbekistan and its diversification processes in close relation to employment. Based on official statistical data for the period 2020–2025, as well as reports from the World Bank and the International Labour Organ...

service sector employment gross domestic product (GDP) diversification labor market informal employment labor productivity digital economy regional development Uzbekistan

This article examines the role of value criteria in achieving communicative goals in different sociocultural contexts. Drawing on pragmalinguistic, sociolinguistic and axiological approaches, it analyses how values influence message perception, audience adaptation, trust building and pragmatic ef...

Communicative Goal Value Criteria Pragmalinguistics Intercultural Communication Speech Act Sociocultural Context Pragmatic Effectiveness

The integration of Artificial Intelligence into English Language Learning has fundamentally transformed contemporary educational paradigms. This paper investigates the multi-faceted impact of AI-driven tools-ranging from Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Automated Writing Evaluation to large langu...

Artificial Intelligence English Language Learning Learner Autonomy Blended Learning Automated Writing Evaluation Pedagogical Shifts

This study examined vulnerabilities and the threat of armed insurrection in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The study was motivated by the persistence of violent conflict, militancy, environmental degradation, and socio-economic deprivation within the region despite several government interven...

Vulnerability Armed insurrection Environmental degradation Militancy Socio-economic deprivation

Travel prose occupies a distinctive place in Karakalpak literature as a literary form that combines documentary narration with artistic representation of geographical space, cultural memory, and personal experience. Although individual travel essays have attracted scholarly attention, their poeti...

Karakalpak literature travel prose poetics chronotope artistic space narrative image system cultural memory

Over the last decade, Nigeria has seen a dramatic surge in international migration driven by the “Japa Syndrome,” the mass exodus of skilled professionals and youth seeking better economic opportunities abroad. Diaspora remittances, while providing financial relief to households and increasing do...

Migration Japa Syndrome Diaspora Remittance Human Capital Depletion Sustainable National Development

This article investigates the theoretical and practical dimensions of forming and improving strategic management systems in non-bank financial institutions offering Islamic financial services. The study examines governance mechanisms grounded in Islamic finance principles, the optimization of ris...

Islamic finance non-bank financial institutions strategic management risk management institutional development digital transformation Shariah governance fintech

This article analyzes the impact of value added created in production sectors on the development of the labor market based on economic theory and practical data. Value added is one of the important macroeconomic indicators determining the economic development of the country, and its growth is of ...

Value Added Production Sectors Labor Market Employment Labor Productivity Economic Growth Industry Innovation Investment

The phenomenon “enantiosemy”, commonly understood as the coexistence of two opposing meanings within one linguistic form, has been discussed for more than a century, yet the field remains theoretically fragmented. This article offers a historical comparative review of major approaches to enantios...

enantiosemy auto-antonymy contronymy lexical semantics semantic change evaluative semantics pragmatic mechanisms.

Sustainable wellness development requires integrated approaches that combine natural resource efficiency, environmental sustainability, institutional governance, and regional socio-economic development. However, existing studies largely address these dimensions separately, limiting their integrat...

Sustainable Regional Development Natural Resource Efficiency Wellness Development Re-Creation Environment Model (REM) Eco-Wellness Resource Efficiency Index (EWREI) Environmental Sustainability Regional Governance

This article examines the accumulated experience of advanced economies in mobilising, allocating and monitoring green investments. Drawing on the cases of Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, France, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Korea, Japan, China, the United States and Brazil, the study id...

Green Investment Sustainable Finance Green Bonds Climate Finance Taxonomy Blended Finance Feed-in Tariff Contracts for Difference National Development Bank ESG Energy Transition Carbon Pricing Green Industrial Policy International Experience

This article examines an apparent paradox at the heart of the global transition to a circular economy: despite a growing number of policy commitments and corporate initiatives, the measured global circularity metric has declined in recent years. The aim of the study is to explain this paradox thr...

circular economy circularity gap value gap material footprint resource decoupling closed-loop systems systemic transition material flows

This article examines the transformation of Uzbekistan’s higher education system from 1991 to 2025, using legislation and official statistics as sources. Its empirical foundation includes the yearly publication "Education in Uzbekistan," issued by the National Statistics Committee for the academi...

higher education in Uzbekistan massification extramural learning private universities academic personnel doctoral programs center–periphery dynamics human capital development path dependence

This article examines the paleogeography of the Ustyurt Plateau and the historical-etymological interpretation of the term Xiz tangkizi based on the works of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, primarily his Geodesy. Using historical-comparative, historical-geographical, linguistic, and paleogeographical metho...

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni Ustyurt Plateau paleogeography historical geography Amu Darya Oxus Oghuz Xiz tangkizi hydronymy toponymy Uzboy Sarykamysh Central Asia

In the contemporary era of rapid global digitalisation, traditional centralised financial and administrative systems are facing significant challenges in terms of security, transparency and operational efficiency. This study examines the role of blockchain technology as a key component of the dig...

Digital economy blockchain smart contracts decentralization transaction costs cryptography transparency institutional transformation

Music composition is both an art and an act. It is an art because it involves the combination of various structural elements of music such as rhythm, sound, harmony, melody, form and timbre (tone colour) etc which are logically organized to produce a vocal or instrumental piece. As an act, it inv...

Music Composition Composer Technique