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Listening comprehension is one of the most demanding components of foreign-language learning because learners must process spoken input in real time while dealing with reduced forms, unfamiliar vocabulary, speech rate, accents, and limited opportunities for repetition. These challenges ca…
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The article develops an integrated framework for organizational-economic and institutional mechanisms of human capital and labour relations development in small business. Human capital formation, utilization, development and retention are linked with fairness, trust, participation, guaran…
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Green finance has become an essential pillar of the transition to sustainable and low-carbon development. Although the literature on sustainable finance has expanded rapidly, most studies continue to examine financial instruments, regulatory initiatives, or individual market segments sepa…
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This article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of the relationship between the institutional environment, inclusive factors, and characteristics of regional labor markets when assessing the level of productive employment. It systematizes modern approaches to assessing pro…
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This article revisits the concept of community-based surveillance of oil and gas pipeline infrastructure in the Niger Delta, by analysing the reported experience of Pipeline Infrastructure Nigeria Limited (PINL) in two intentionally divergent analytical frameworks: Structural Functionalis…
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As elements of the pedagogical system for developing students' innovation activities based on a value-based approach, the following were proposed: goals and tasks; stages of developing value-based innovation activities among architecture students; content, forms, methods, and tools, as we…
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This article analyses Qatar’s political and diplomatic role in reducing tensions between Iran and the United States. It examines how Iran’s nuclear programme, U.S. sanctions, Gulf security and energy interests shape Qatar’s foreign policy. Using the 2023 prisoner exchange and the negotiat…
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This study examined terrorism and human rights violations in North-Eastern Nigeria, 2015-2025, with particular emphasis on the extent to which terrorist activities affected the protection and enjoyment of fundamental human rights, the factors that sustained terrorism and associated human …
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This article comparatively and poetically examines the techniques of the rule of three, repetition, accumulation, and contamination in Karakalpak, Turkmen, and English folk tales. It substantiates that a compositional formula is not merely a traditional phrase, but a stable structural dev…
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Migration has become an important structural factor influencing the socio-economic development of Namangan region, Uzbekistan. The region combines rapid population growth, a large labor force, persistent outward labor migration, and increasing dependence on remittance-related household in…