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This article examines issues related to the assessment and management of risk culture in commercial banks. The main objective of the study is to develop a practical model that enables the systematic measurement of bank employees’ attitudes toward risk. For this purpose, the Risk Culture I…
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Sustainable tourism has emerged as a strategic approach to balance economic growth, social equity and environmental protection within the tourism sector. This article analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations of sustainable tourism. Key definitions, conceptual frameworks and…
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Environmental, social, and governance issues have gained significant attention from investors, regulators, and society; however, their influence on financial disclosure quality is comparatively underexplored. This study investigates the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG)…
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The article examines the changes in U.S. policy toward the Middle East under Trump, describing them as a transition from a liberal approach to a utilitarian "pragmatic realism" under the banner "America First." This policy focused on the direct exchange of interests and the marginalizatio…
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Financial stability in transition economies heavily depends on the resilience of the banking sector to macroeconomic shocks. This study aims to empirically investigate the impact of national currency stability on the liquidity of commercial banks in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2011 to…
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In The 21st century has seen water resources emerge as a key element of global economic and ecological stability as climate change, population growth, urbanization, and industrialization increase the pressures on traditional water systems. Economically, national reform and the modernizati…
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This study is aimed at exploring directions for improving vocational education and training (VET) services through the integration of digital technologies within the vocational education system. The digital transformation of vocational education institutions aimed at improving the learnin…
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This study analyzes how having sufficient Financial Knowledge increases internal control over the Quality of Internal Controls for Babylon Bank in Iraq. QC of internal control involves safeguarding assets, providing assurance to stakeholders regarding financial results and protecting cust…
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In the face of growing territorial imbalances and uneven economic development, regional development today is one of the priorities of modern economic policy. Within this context, the application of financial indicators in regional development estimation is significant for assessing the te…
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Infrastructure development is an essential element for sustainable economic development, improvements in productivity and greater regional integration. Yet financing large-scale infrastructure remains a daunting task for many countries is to be undertaken with the common limitations of fi…